CARTES

Nations Unies (ONU), Libyan arab jamahiriya, mars 2011
http://web.archive.org/web/20110514202038/http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/map/profile/libya.pdf

The University of Texas at Austin, Perry-Castaneda Library, Map collection, Libya maps
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/libya.html

World Atlas.com, Libya
http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/africa/ly.htm

Falling Rain, Directory of Cities, Towns, and Regions in Libya
http://www.fallingrain.com/world/LY/

Mappery, Libya maps
http://www.mappery.com/maps-Libya

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AUTRES CARTABLES DOCUMENTAIRES

Commission de l’immigration et du statut de réfugié du Canada (CISR), Libye, 31 mars 2020
https://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/fr/renseignements-pays/cnd/Pages/index.aspx?pid=10173

International Crisis Group (ICG), After Libya's Oil Grab, Compromise Could Lead to a Restart of Exports, 14 septembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57da8c264,0.html

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RAPPORTS GÉNÉRAUX

Organisations internationales

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, United Nations Support Mission in Libya; Report of the Secretary-General [S/2022/932], 9 décembre 2022
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2084396/N2273857.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, United Nations Support Mission in Libya; Report of the Secretary-General [S/2022/632], 19 août 2022
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2078187/N2245966.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil des droits de l’homme, Detailed findings on the situation in Tarhuna, 1^er juillet 2022
https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/regularsession/session50/2022-07-20/A-HRC-50-CRP-Tarhuna-E.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), MANUL, Briefing of Acting SRSG Stephanie Williams to the Security Council on the situation in Libya, 2 septembre 2020
https://unsmil.unmissions.org/briefing-acting-srsg-stephanie-williams-security-council-situation-libya

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, Report of the Secretary général, 5 mai 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2029811/S_2020_360_E.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, Final report of the Panel of Experts on Libya established pursuant to Security Council resolution 1973 (2011), 9 décembre 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2021151/S_2019_914_E.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, UNSMIL, Report of the secretary general, 26 août 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2015610/S_2019_682_E.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), UNOCHA, Protection of civilian situation in Libya, 24 août 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2014927/libya_protection_sector_update_on_the_protection_of_civilian_situation_in_libya_24_august_2019.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), UNOCHA, Libya: Tripoli Clashes, Situation report n°25, 24 mai 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2010082/sitrep_libya_en_24_may.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), Rapport du Secrétaire général sur la Mission d’appui des Nations Unies en Libye, 7 janvier 2019
https://undocs.org/fr/S/2019/19

Nations Unies (ONU), UNSMIL: Libya Human Rights Report on civilian Casualities, octobre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1449078.html

Nations Unies (ONU), HCR, UNHCR Position on Returns to Libya - Update II, septembre 2018
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5b8d02314,0.html

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, Letter dated 5 septembre 2018 from the panel od experts on Libya established pursuant to resolution 1973 (2011) addressed to the President of the Security council, 5 septembre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1443181/1226_1536757472_n1824384.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, United Nations Support Mission in Libya- Report of the Secretary General, 24 août 2018
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5b8d31bc4,0.html

Nations Unies (ONU), Assemblée générale, Report of the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons on her visit to Libya, 10 mai 2018
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5b4c60664,0.html

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité-UNSMIL - UN Support Mission in Libya, United Nations Support Mission in Libya, 7 mai 2018
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5b4c65d64,0.html

Nations Unies (ONU), Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), Situation of human rights in Libya, and the effectiveness of technical assistance and capacity-building measures received by the Government of Libya, 21 février 2018
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5b4c64fd4,0.html

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Support Mission in Libya, 12 février 2018
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5b4c678f4,0.html

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, Statement [made on behalf of the Security Council, at the 8065th meeting, 10 octobre 2017
http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain/opendocpdf.pdf?reldoc=y&docid=59e4781a4

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, Security Council resolution 2380 (2017) [on renewal for 12 months of the authorizations as set out in paras. 7, 8, 9 and 10 of Security Council resolution 2240 (2015) concerning migrant smuggling and human trafficking into, through and from the Libyan territory and off the coast of Libya], 5 octobre 2017
http://www.refworld.org/country,,UNSC,,LBY,,59db3d0f4,0.html

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, Report by the UN Secretary-General on developments since 4 April 2017, 22 août 2017
https://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1505290272_n1725784.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, Final report of the Panel of Experts on Libya established pursuant to resolution 29173 (2011) (political developments; security situation; violations of international human rights law or international humanitarian law; implementation of the arms embargo; financing of armed groups; other topics), 1^er juin 2017
https://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1497436680_n1711623.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, Report of the secretary-general on the United Nations support Mission in Libya, 4 avril 2017
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1492671288_n1707537.pdf

Nation Unies (ONU), Conseil de Sécurité, Report of the Secretary-General pursuant to Security Council resolution 2240 (2015), 7 septembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57d946bc4,0.html

Nation Unies (ONU), Security Council resolution 2298 (2016) [on destruction of Libya's chemical weapons], 22 juillet 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57a2f54e4,0.html

Nation Unies (ONU), Conseil de Sécurité, Security Council resolution 2292 (2016) [on the situation in Libya], 14 juin 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57678c934,0.html

UN News Service, Security Council extends mandate of UN mission in Libya for six months, 13 juin 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,575faa8a40b,0.html

Nation Unies (ONU), Conseil de Sécurité, Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Support Mission in Libya, 16 mai 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57469b9c4,0.html

Nation Unies (ONU), Conseil de Sécurité, Security Council resolution 2278 (2016) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) until 30 April 2016], 31 mars 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,570209644,0.html

Nation Unies (ONU), Human Rights Council, Investigation by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on Libya: detailed findings, 15 février 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,56d00d0f4,0.html

Nations Unies (ONU), HCR, UNHCR Position on Returns to Libya, 12 novembre 2014
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/90_1415964571_20141112-unhcr-libya-returns.pdf

Nation Unies (ONU), HCR, Rapport global 2012 – Libye, 1^er juin 2013
http://www.unhcr.fr/51efd15e0.html

Nation Unies (ONU), Conseil de Sécurité, Résolution 2095, 14 mars 2013
http://refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain/opendocpdf.pdf?reldoc=y&docid=514adcee2

Nation Unies (ONU), Conseil de Sécurité, Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Support Mission in Libya, 21 février 2013
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1361961029_n1322922.pdf

Nation Unies (ONU), HCR, Appel global 2013 du HCR (actualisation) – Libye, 1^er décembre 2012
http://www.unhcr.fr/50c5bc20a.html

Nation Unies (ONU), HCR, Profil d’opération 2013 – Libye, décembre 2012
http://www.unhcr.fr/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/page?page=4aae621d595&submit=GO

Nation Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, Rapport du Secrétaire général sur la Mission d’appui des Nations Unies en Libye, 30 août 2012
http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refworld/rwmain/opendocpdf.pdf?reldoc=y&docid=505327832

Organisations gouvernementales

UK Home Office, Country Policy and Information Note, Libya: Security and Humanitarian Situation, Septembre 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2037962/Libya_-_Security__humanitarian_situation_-_CPIN_-_v4.0_-_September_2020.pdf

Ministère des affaires étrangères néerlandais, Country of origin information report on Libya, Juin 2020
https://coi.easo.europa.eu/administration/netherlands/PLib/2020_06_MinBZ_NLMFA_COI_Report_Libya_Algemeen_ambtsbericht_Libie.pdf

US Department of State (USDOS), Country report on human rights 2019, Libya, 11 mars 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2026408.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country report on terrorism 2018- Libya, 1^er novembre 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2019344.html

International Commission of Jurists (ICJ)/ Ministère des affaires étrangères néerlandais, Accountability for Serious Crimes under International Law in Libya: An Assessment of the Criminal Justice System, 31 juillet 2019
https://www.icj.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Libya-Accountability-serious-crimes-Publications-Reports-Thematic-reports-2019-ENG.pdf

US Department of State (USDOS), Annual report on trafficking in persons: Libya 2019, 20 juin 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2010744.html

US Department of State (USDOS), 2018 Trafficking in Persons Report - Libya, 28 juin 2018
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5b3e0af04,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country report on human rights 2017, Libya, 20 avril 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1430353.html

Home Office, UK Border Agency (UKBA), Country Policy and Information Note - Libya: Security and humanitarian situation, janvier 2018
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5a6f323c4.html

Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation (ACCORD), Update on conflict-related incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (covering second quarter 2017), 14 septembre 2017
https://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/5734_1506329939_2017q2libya-en.pdf

UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office (UKFCO), Human Rights and Democracy Report 2016 - CHAPTER VI: Human Rights Priority Countries - Libya, 20 juillet 2017
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/344417/475443_en.html

Home Office, UK Border Agency (UKBA), Country Policy and Information Note - Libya: Actual or perceived supporters of former President Gaddafi, 15 mars 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58caa3f94.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country report on human rights practices 2016, Libya, 3 mars 2017
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/337212/466972_en.html

Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation (ACCORD), Libya, year 2016: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED), 9 février 2017
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/5250_1486725678_2016ylibya-en.pdf

UK Foreign and commonwealth office (UKFCO), Human Rights and Democracy Report 2015 - Human Rights Priority Country update report: July to December 2016 - Libya, 8 février 2017
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/337430/467234_en.html

Home Office, UK Border Agency (UKBA), Country Policy and Information Note, Libya: Security and humanitarian situation, janvier 2017
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1485781543_libya-security-v2.pdf

Home Office, Uk Border Agency (UKBA), Country Information and Guidance: Libya: Security and humanitarian situation, juin 2016
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/534061/Libya_-_Security_situation_and_humanitarian_conditions_-_v1.0.pdf

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2015 - Libya, 2 juin 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57518da913,0.html

UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office (UKFCO),Human Rights and Democracy Report 2015 - Libya, 21 avril 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57234eefc,0.html

UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office (UKFCO), Human Rights and Democracy 2014- Lybia - In-year Update, juillet 2015
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/311542/435684_en.html

UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office (UKFCO), Human Rights and Democracy: The 2014 Foreign & Commonwealth Office Report - Section IX: Human Rights in Countries of Concern - Libya, 12 mars 2015
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/298546/421027_en.html

Commissariat Général pour les Réfugiés et les Apatrides (CGRA), Libya : Security Situation, 19 décembre 2014
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/90_1419244237_2014-12-19-nl-libya-report-security-situation-belgium-19122014.pdf

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), The World factbook, Libya, 20 juin 2014
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ly.html

Home Office, UK Border Agency (UKBA), Operational Guidance Note: Libya, mai 2013
http://www.bia.homeoffice.gov.uk/sitecontent/documents/policyandlaw/countryspecificasylumpolicyogns/libya-ogn?view=Binary

Home Office, UK Border Agency (UKBA), Libya. Country of origin information (COI) report, 19 décembre 2012
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1357114114_lby-cr-dec12-ukba.pdf

Centre Français de Recherche sur le Renseignement (CF2R), Libye: un avenir incertain, 10 juillet 2011
http://meteopolitique.com/fiches/guerre/Libye/559/Libye-un-avenir-incertain.pdf

France, Ministère des Affaires étrangères (MAE), Présentation de la Libye
http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/libye/presentation-de-la-libye/

ONG

Freedom House, Freedom in the World 2020 - Libya, 24 mars 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2030888.html

Amnesty International (AI), Report 2019 - The State of the World's Human Rights-Libya, 18 février 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2025836.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), World Report 2020 - Libya, 14 janvier 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1422486.html

International Crisis Group (ICG), Stopping the war for Tripoli, 23 mai 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2009337/b069-stopping-the-war-for-tripoli.pdf

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Rapport mondial 2019 - Libye, 23 janvier 2019
https://www.hrw.org/fr/world-report/2019/country-chapters/325756

Human rights watch (HRW), World report 2019- Libya, 17 janvier 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2002182.html

Freedom House, Freedom on the Net 2018 - Libya, 1^er novembre 2018
https://www.refworld.org/publisher,FREEHOU,ANNUALREPORT,,5be16b08a,0.html

Freedom House, Freedom in the World 2018 - Libya, 28 mai 2018
http://www.refworld.org/country,,FREEHOU,,LBY,,5b6ab9957,0.html

Amnesty International (AI), Report 2017/18 - The State of the World's Human Rights-Libya, 22 février 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1425080.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), World Report 2018 - Libya, 18 janvier 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1422486.html

Freedom House, Freedom on the Net 2017 - Libya, 14 novembre 2017
https://www.ecoi.net/local_link/349336/481269_en.html

Freedom House, Freedom in the World 2017 - Libya, 12 juillet 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/59831e8a13.html

Amnesty International (AI), Amnesty International Report 2016/17 - Libya, 22 février 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58b033df4.html

Amnesty International (AI), Libya: Civilians trapped in Benghazi in desperate conditions as fighting encroaches, 30 septembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57ee59724,0.html

Amnesty International (AI), Libya: Lives of captives trapped under fire in Benghazi in danger, 21 juillet 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57920f754,0.html

Freedom House, Freedom in the World 2016 - Libya, 10 mai 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,573b062611,0.html

Comité International de la Croix Rouge (CICR/ICRC), Annual Report 2015 Libya, 9 mai 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/57f60bad2.html

Amnesty International (AI), Amnesty International Report 2015/16 - Libya, 24 février 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,56d05b3c6,0.html

Amnesty International (AI), World must help pull Libya out of human rights chaos five years since uprising that ousted al-Gaddafi, 16 février 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,56c4224e4,0.html

Amnesty International (AI), "Vanished from the Earth" - Abducted civilians in Libya, 4 août 2015
https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde19/2178/2015/en/

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Synthèse pays. Libye, janvier 2012
http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/related_material/libya_fr_2012.pdf

Amnesty International (AI), Une année de rébellion. La situation des droits humains au Moyen-Orient et en Afrique du Nord, 9 janvier 2012
http://www.amnesty.fr/sites/default/files/MDE_01_001_2012_ext_fra.pdf

Parlements et centres de recherches

International crisis group (ICG), Libya’s unthealthy focus on personalities, 8 mai 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1432129/491887_en.pdf

International Crisis Group (ICG), New Risks in Libya as Khalifa Haftar Dismisses UN-backed Accord, 21 décembre 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5a3cf6a94.html

IRIN, Libya's downward spiral to shortages, militia power, and migrant abuse, 7 décembre 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5a2a573f4.html

IRIN, What Libya's "slave auctions" tell us about the humanitarian system, 6 décembre 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5a2900a94.html

International Crisis Group (ICG), The Libyan Political Agreement: Time for a Reset, 4 novembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58246f2b4.html

The Washington Institute, Post-Qadhafi Libya at Risk, 11 septembre 2013
http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/post-qadhafi-libya-at-risk

Centre d'études et de recherches internationales de Sciences Po (CERI), Libya - A Clouded Future, juillet 2013
http://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/content/dossiersduceri/libya-clouded-future

Asylum Research Consultancy (ARC), Libya Country Report, 5 juillet 2013
http://www.refworld.org/docid/51de77c24.html

Sénat (France), Sahel: Pour une approche globale, Rapport d’information n° 720 (2012-2013) de MM. Jean-Pierre Chevènement et Gérard Larcher, 3 juillet 2013
http://www.senat.fr/rap/r12-720/r12-7201.pdf

Centre d'études et de recherches internationales de Sciences Po (CERI), Libye: que faire de la révolution?, février 2010
http://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/sites/sciencespo.fr.ceri/files/art_lm_1.pdf

Centre d'études et de recherches internationales de Sciences Po (CERI), La Libye de Kadhafi, février 2002
http://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/sites/sciencespo.fr.ceri/files/artla.pdf

Actualités / Sites de presse & blogs

BBC News, Libya profile, 29 mai 2013
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13754897

UNSMIL
http://unsmil.unmissions.org/

Reuters, Libya
http://www.reuters.com/places/libya?lc=int_mb_1001

The Tripoli Post, Hebdomadaire anglophone
http://www.tripolipost.com/

Libyan Herald
https://www.libyaherald.com/

The Libya Observer
https://www.libyaobserver.ly/

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DOCUMENTS D’IDENTITÉ ET NATIONALITÉ

Passeports

Commission de l’immigration et du Statut de réfugié du Canada (CISR), Libye : information sur le renouvellement des anciens passeports (verts) à l'ambassade de la Libye au Canada, y compris sur les exigences et la marche à suivre (2014-août 2016), 24 octobre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/585a80b84.html

Commission de l'immigration et du statut de réfugié du Canada (CISR), Information sur les formalités de sortie auxquelles doivent se soumettre les citoyens libyens à l'aéroport international de Tripoli (2007), 12 novembre 2009
http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/Fra/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=452988

Documents d’identité et d’état civil

Commission de l’immigration et du Statut de réfugié du Canada (CISR), Libye : information sur le Bureau de l'état civil (Civil Registry Authority - CRA), y compris sur ses fonctions actuelles et ses dirigeants; les types of documents produits par le Bureau, y compris l'accessibilité aux documents; les niveaux de service, les interruptions et le piratage (novembre 2015-novembre 2016), 12 décembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,IRBC,,LBY,,585a7e734,0.html

Documents frauduleux

Pas de document disponible

Nationalité, citoyenneté et résidence

Commissariat Général pour les Réfugiés et les Apatrides (CGRA), Libya :Nationality, Registration and Documents, 19 décembre 2014
http://www.refworld.org/docid/54afda3d4.html

Nations Unies (ONU), HCR, Revised Background Note on Gender Equality, Nationality Laws and Statelessness, 8 mars 2013
http://www.refworld.org/docid/4f59bdd92.html

Law Number (24) for 2010/1378 On The Libyan Nationality, 28 mai 2010
http://www.refworld.org/docid/4e2d8bf52.html

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LANGUES, ETHNIES ET CULTURE

Présentation générale

UK Home office, Country policy and Information Note: Libya: Ethnic minority group, Février 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1457764/1226_1550070539_libya-ethnic-groups-cpin-v3-0-february-2019.pdf

Middle East Policy Council (MEPC), Families, Tribes and Cities in the Libyan Revolution
http://www.mepc.org/journal/middle-east-policy-archives/families-tribes-and-cities-libyan-revolution

Langues

Université Laval, Jacques Leclerc, L’aménagement linguistique dans le monde. Libye, 19 octobre 2012
http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/afrique/libye.htm

Ethnies

Commission de l’immigration et du Statut de réfugié du Canada (CISR), Libye : information sur le traitement réservé aux membres de la tribu des Zintanis dans la ville de Tobrouk; la présence de partisans de Kadhafi à Tobrouk; la présence et la force opérationnelle du groupe État islamique à Tobrouk; la capacité des Libyens fuyant le conflit dans d'autres régions du pays de s'installer à Tobrouk et d'y vivre en sécurité; information indiquant si l'aéroport de Tobrouk est opérationnel (2014-août 2016), 3 octobre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/585a81714.html

Minority Rights Group International (MRG), State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2016 - Libya, 12 juillet 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5796082ac,0.html

Home Office, Uk Border Agency (UKBA), Country Information and Guidance: Libya: Ethnic minority groups, juin 2016
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/534057/Libya_-_ethnic_minority_groups_-_v2.0.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), IRIN, Analyse: Les minorités libyennes revendiquent leurs droits, 28 mai 2012
http://www.irinnews.org/fr/report/95542/analyse-les-minorit%C3%A9s-libyennes-revendiquent-leurs-droits

Fragile States Resource Center, Understanding Libya: The Role of Ethnic and Tribal Groups in Any Political Settlement, 1^er mars 2012
http://www.fragilestates.org/2012/03/01/understanding-libya-the-role-of-ethnic-and-tribal-groups-in-any-political-settlement/

Les Berbères

Minority Rights Group International (MRG), State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2016 - Case study: Increasing recognition for Libya's Imazhigen, 12 juillet 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5796080c15,0.html

Courrier International n°1154, Terry Friel, «La culture berbère fait son chemin en Libye», 7 décembre 2012
http://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2012/12/07/la-culture-berbere-fait-son-chemin-en-libye

Commission de l'immigration et du statut de réfugié du Canada (CISR), Information sur la situation des Amazighs (Berbères) et le traitement qui leur est réservé par la société et le gouvernement depuis la chute de Mouammar Kadhafi (septembre 2011-octobre 2012), 25 octobre 2012
http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/Fra/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=454220

Temehu, The Berbers Under NTC’s Transitional Rule
http://www.temehu.com/ntc.htm

Les Touaregs

Jamestown Foundation, What the Tuareg Do After the Fall of Qaddafi Will Determine the Security Future of the Sahel, 16 septembre 2011
http://www.refworld.org/docid/4e7861382.html

Les Toubou

Les clés du Moyent-Orient, L’ethnie minoritaire Toubou en Libye (3 parties), 2020
https://www.lesclesdumoyenorient.com/L-ethnie-minoritaire-Toubou-en-Libye-1-3.html

Les clés du Moyent-Orient , L’ethnie Toubou à l’heure de la révolution. Les Toubous dans le conflit libyen (en 5 parties), 2020
https://www.lesclesdumoyenorient.com/L-ethnie-Toubou-a-l-heure-de-la-revolution-Les-Toubous-dans-le-conflit-libyen-1.html

Small arms survey, Lost In Trans-Nation, Tubu and Other Armed Groups and Smugglers along Libya’s Southern Border, Décembre 2018
http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/U-Reports/SAS-SANA-Report-Lost-in-Trans-nation.pdf

Small arms survey, Southern Libya Destabilized, The Case of Ubari, Avril 2017
http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/T-Briefing-Papers/SAS-SANA-BP-Ubari.pdf

Aljazeera, Rebecca Murray, «Libya’s Tebu tribe hopes for lasting peace», 3 décembre 2012
http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2012/11/20121118115735549354.html

Ennahar Online, Libya: Toubou rebels engage in battle against Gaddafi, 20 août 2011
http://www.ennaharonline.com/en/international/7088.html

Tchad Magazine, Robert Buijtenhuijs, «Les Tobou dans la guerre civile du Tchad»
http://www.politique-africaine.com/numeros/pdf/042131.pdf

Culture et coutumes

Pas de document disponible

Tribus

LandInfo, Libya : Militias, Tribes and Islamists, 19 décembre 2014
http://www.landinfo.no/asset/3025/1/3025_1.pdf

Jamestown Foundation, Tribes and Terrorists: The Emerging Security Threat from Libya's Lawless South, 25 janvier 2013
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5107a53a2.html

The International Solidarity Movement (ISM), La composition ethnique des tribus libyennes, 1^er mars 2012
http://www.ism-france.org/analyses/La-composition-ethnique-des-tribus-libyennes-article-16702

Fragile States Resource Center, Understanding Libya: The Role of Ethnic and Tribal Groups in Any Political Settlement, 1^er mars 2012
http://www.fragilestates.org/2012/03/01/understanding-libya-the-role-of-ethnic-and-tribal-groups-in-any-political-settlement/

Jamestown Foundation, Mapping Qaddafi's Tribal Allegiances in Libya: An Overview, 28 avril 2011
http://www.refworld.org/docid/4e3f9a3c2.html

Al Jazeera Centre for Studies, Gaddafi’s regime in relation to the Libyan tribes, 20 mars 2011
http://www.aljazeera.net/mritems/streams/2011/3/20/1_1049205_1_51.pdf

World View from Off the Strip, Libyan Tribes – alphabetical list and by East West, 26 février 2011
http://www.sandraoffthestrip.com/2011/02/26/libyan-tribes-in-alphabetical-order-and-by-east-or-west/

Reuters, Update 1 – FACTBOX – Tribal ties key to Gaddafi rule, 22 février 2011
http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/02/22/libya-protests-tribes-idAFLDE71L2K720110222

Global Security, Libya Tribes
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/libya/tribes.htm

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RELIGIONS

Présentation générale

US Department of State (USDOS), Annual report on religious freedom: Libya 2019, 10 juin 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2031333.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Annual report on religious freedom: Libya 2018, 21 juin 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2011142.html

US Department of State (USDOS), 2016 Report on International Religious Freedom - Libya, 15 août 2017
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/345229/476380_en.html

US Department of State (USDOS), 2015 Report on International Religious Freedom - Libya, 10 août 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57add85c15,0.html

The Guardian, Chris Stephen, “Libya arrests foreign 'missionaries”, 17 février 2013
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/feb/17/libya-arrests-suspected-foreign-missionaries

Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge, Information Centre Asylum and Migration: Briefing Notes (21 January 2013), 21 janvier 2013
http://www.refworld.org/docid/51408db22.html

Soufi

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: New Wave of Attacks Against Sufi Sites, 7 décembre 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5a2907e44.html

Nations Unies (ONU), Service d’information, UN independent experts condemn destruction of Sufi religious sites in Libya, 10 septembre 2012
http://www.refworld.org/docid/504f2c682.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Stop Attacks on Sufi Sites, 31 août 2012
http://www.refworld.org/docid/504723362.html

Chrétiens

Fox News, Jamie Dettmer, “Libya pledges to free American Christian imprisoned for faith”, 27 mars 2013
http://www.foxnews.com/world/2013/03/27/american-christian-imprisoned-in-libya-for-faith/

USA TODAY, Coptic Christians say they were tortured in Libya, 15 mars 2013
http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/03/15/coptic-christians-tortured-libya/1991753/

Nations Unies (ONU), IRIN, Security of Christian communities "precarious" in Libya - archbishop, 15 mars 2013
http://www.refworld.org/docid/514975882.html

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INSTITUTIONS ET ORGANISATION POLITIQUE

Constitution

Draft Constitutional Charter for the Transitional Stage, septembre 2011
http://www.refworld.org/docid/4e80475b2.html

Temehu, Declarations, Laws & Resolutions Issued By The NTC
http://www.temehu.com/ntc.htm

Institutions politiques

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Libya. Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments, 26 août 2013
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/LY.html

Temehu, Interim Transitional National Council (ITNC) 05/03/2011 – 08/08/2012
http://www.temehu.com/ntc.htm

Temehu, National Transitional Council Members
http://www.temehu.com/ntc.htm

Temehu, The Executive Board
http://www.temehu.com/ntc.htm

Temehu, Local Councils & Conduct Councils
http://www.temehu.com/ntc.htm

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PARTIS POLITIQUES

Vie politique et élections

Human rights Watch (HRW), Libya: No free elections in current climate, 21 mars 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1427321.html

UN News Service, UN envoy urges Libyan House of Representatives to vote on national unity government, 9 avril 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5724a8dc40c,0.html

UN News Service, Libya: Security Council welcomes Presidency Council's arrival in Tripoli, 1^er Avril 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57020ee540d,0.html

Amnesty International (AI), Libye: l’enquête menée sur l’homicide d’un militant politique doit être approfondie et indépendante, 30 juillet 2013
https://www.amnesty.org/fr/documents/MDE19/008/2013/fr/

REUTERS, Libya PM to reshuffle cabinet, cut ministries after killings, 27 juillet 2013
http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/07/27/us-libya-cabinet-reshuffle-idUSBRE96Q09I20130727

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Investigate Killing of Political Activist, 26 juillet 2013
http://www.refworld.org/docid/51f792ab4.html

Commission de l'immigration et du statut de réfugié du Canada (CISR), Information sur la situation politique depuis la chute de Mouammar Kadhafi (septembre 2011-novembre 2012), 11 décembre 2012
http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/Fra/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=454316&pls=1

Time, Steven Sotloff, “Libya’s New Crisis: A Wave of Assassinations Targeting Its Top Cops”, 26 novembre 2012
http://world.time.com/2012/11/26/libyas-new-crisis-a-wave-of-assassinations-targeting-its-top-cops/

Courrier International, n°1147, Jamie Dettmer, “L’an I de l’après-Kadhafi”, 25 octobre 2012
http://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2012/10/25/l-an-i-de-l-apres-kadhafi

BBC news, Libya election success for secularist Jibril’s bloc, 18 juillet 2012
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18880908

Aljazeera, Libya’s long road to democracy, 8 juillet 2012
http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/insidestory/2012/07/20127712432652755.html

Psephos - Adam Carr's Election Archive, Libya: Legislative Elections of 7 July 2012
http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/l/libya/libya2012.txt

Middle East Research and Information Project (MERIP), Libya’s Restive Revolutionaries, 1^er juin 2012
http://www.merip.org/mero/mero060112

Partis et organisations politiques

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), The World Factbook. Libya: Government, 20 juin 2014
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ly.html

Aljazeera, Libya’s political parties, 3 juillet 2012
http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/06/2012626224516206109.html

Les représentants de l’ancien régime

Amnesty International (AI), Libya: al-Gaddafi loyalists at risk of 'revenge' death sentences, 2 août 2013
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5200a4a94.html

Commission de l'immigration et du statut de réfugié du Canada (CISR), Information sur la situation des personnes considérées comme fidèles à Mouammar Kadhafi et le traitement qui leur est réservé depuis sa chute; la protection offerte par l'État (septembre 2011-novembre 2012), 7 décembre 2012
http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/Fra/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=454315

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LIBERTÉ D’OPINION

Présentation générale

Freedom House, Freedom on the Net 2022 – Libya, 18 octobre 2022
https://freedomhouse.org/country/libya/freedom-net/2022

Human rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Armed groups violently quell protest, 10 septembre 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2037437.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), War on the Media, 9 février 2015
http://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2015/02/09/libye-les-journalistes-pris-pour-cible

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Wave of Political Assassinations, 8 août 2013
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5204e0054.html

Article 19, Libya: Protecting freedom of expression and right to access information in new constitution, 1^er juillet 2013
http://www.article19.org/resources.php/resource/37139/en/libya-:-protecting-freedom-of--expression-and-right-to-access-information-in-new-constitution

Médias

Reporters Sans Frontières (RSF), Libya: Eleven TV channels banned in eastern Libya, 17 juillet 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2012915

Freedom House, Freedom on the Net 2018 - Libya, 1^er novembre 2018
https://www.refworld.org/publisher,FREEHOU,ANNUALREPORT,,5be16b08a,0.html

Reporter Sans Frontières (RSF), Decree gives blank cheque ton Libyan militiamen who persecute journalist, 16 mai 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1432811.html

Freedom House, Freedom on the Net 2017 - Libya, 14 novembre 2017
https://www.ecoi.net/local_link/349336/481269_en.html

Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), Libyan TV channel attacked, burned, 17 mars 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58f6059511.html

Freedom House, Freedom of the Press 2016 - Libya, 1^er décembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/586f71a04.html

Freedom house, Libya, report on digital media and internet freedom (covering june2015-may 2016), Novembre 2016
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/332089/460034_en.html

Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), Photographer arrested while covering a protest in Libya, 2 août 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57b2d21de,0.html

Reporters sans Frontières (RSF), Libya: RSF asks Libya's Government of National Accord to protect journalists, 1^er juillet 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,577a2e154,0.html

Reporters sans Frontières (RSF), RSF deplores censorship of Libyan weekly Al Wassat, 12 mai 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57762d574,0.html

Reporters sans Frontières (RSF), RSF urges Libya's new prime minister to protect media freedom, 31 mars 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,570221f14,0.html

Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), Attacks on the Press in 2013 - Libya, 12 février 2014
http://cpj.org/2014/02/attacks-on-the-press-in-2013-libya.php

Freedom House, Libya. Freedom of the Press 2013, 1^er mai 2013
http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2013/libya

Freedom House, Freedom on the Net 2012 - Libya, 25 septembre 2012
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5062e89f2.html

Reporters sans Frontières (RSF), Bilan des révoltes arabes: les médias au cœur de printemps tourmentés, 12 décembre 2011
https://rsf.org/fr/rapports/bilan-des-revoltes-arabes-les-medias-au-coeur-de-printemps-tourmentes

Associations et ONG

Amnesty International (AI), Silenced voices: Libyan women human rights defenders under attack, 17 juillet 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1438592/1226_1531917096_mde1986572018english.pdf

Centre Français de Recherche sur le Renseignement (CF2R), Bulletin de documentation n°3. La société pour l’appel à un monde islamique: une couverture pour les activités occultes de Kadhafi, 1^er août 2012
https://www.cf2r.org/documentation/libye-la-societe-pour-lappel-a-un-monde-islamique-une-couverture-pour-les-activites-occultes-de-kadhafi/

Observatoire pour la protection des défenseurs des droits de l’homme, L’obstination du témoignage, rapport annuel 2011, octobre 2011
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/90_1319544348_obs-2011-fr-complet.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil des droits de l’homme, Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights Defenders, Margaret Sekaggya : addendum, 24 février 2010
http://www.refworld.org/docid/4bd144d62.html

Syndicats

Pas de document disponible

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JUSTICE

Organisation judiciaire

International Commission of Jurists (ICJ), Challenges for the Libyan Judiciary: Ensuring Independence, Accountability and Gender Equality, 21 juillet 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57ee8f9f4,0.html

Commissariat Général pour les Réfugiés et les Apatrides (CGRA), Libya: Judiciary and Security Sector, 19 décembre 2014
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/90_1419244275_2014-12-19-nl-libya-report-judiciary-and-security-sector-netherlands-19122014.pdf

Institute for War and Peace Reporting (IWPR), Prosecuting Gaddafi-Era Crimes in Libya, 11 avril 2013
http://iwpr.net/report-news/prosecuting-gaddafi-era-crimes-libya

LegiGlobe, Système judiciaire, 8 février 2013
http://legiglobe.rf2d.org/libye/2013/02/08/

Droit pénal et civil

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: 45 sentenced to death for 2011 killings, 22 août 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1441292.html

CNN World, Anas El Gomati, "Why Libya’s ‘isolation law’ threatens progress", 21 mai 2013
http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2013/05/21/why-libyas-isolation-law-threatens-progress/

International Crisis Group (ICG), Trial by Error: Justice in Post-Qadhafi Libya , 17 avril 2013
http://www.refworld.org/docid/516e8dd24.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Ensure ‘Political Isolation Law’ Respects Rights, 22 janvier 2013
http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain?docid=510261022

Amnesty International (AI), Death sentences and executions in 2010, 28 mars 2011
http://www.refworld.org/docid/4d9026932.html

Nations Unies (ONU), Assemblée Générale, Report of the special rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism, 14 octobre 2009
http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/docs/13session/A-HRC-13-37-Add2.pdf

Great Green Charter of Human Rights of the Jamahiriyan Era, 12 juin 1988
http://www.refworld.org/docid/3dda540f4.html

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FORCES DE SÉCURITÉ ET MOUVEMENTS ARMÉS

The Christian Science Monitor, In Libya, a patchwork of militias keeping the peace, and straining it, 5 octobre 2012
http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2012/1005/In-Libya-a-patchwork-of-militias-keeping-the-peace-and-straining-it

Nations Unies (ONU), IRIN, Analysis: Libya’s long road to disarmament, 29 décembre 2011
http://www.irinnews.org/report/94559/analysis-libya-s-long-road-to-disarmament

Armée

Centre Français de Recherche sur le Renseignement (CF2R), Note d’actualité n°243. Libye: à propos des mercenaires, 21 mars 2011
https://www.cf2r.org/actualite/libye-a-propos-des-mercenaires/

Temehu, Libyan Secret Service
http://www.temehu.com/ntc.htm

Temehu, The Free Libya Armed Forces
http://www.temehu.com/ntc.htm

Police

Pas de document disponible

Mouvements armés

FINUCCI Francesco, Libya: military actors and militias, Global Security, janvier 2013
https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/2013/libyan-militias_finucci.pdf

US Department of State (USDOS), Country report on terrorism 2018- Libya, 1^er novembre 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2019344.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country report on terrorism 2018- Libya-Ansar al-Sharia Benghazi, 1^er novembre 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2019406.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country report on terrorism 2018- Libya- Islamic State, 1^er novembre 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2019448.html

Amnesty International (AI), Libya’s relentless militia war, 25 octobre 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2018907/MDE1912012019ENGLISH.PDF

Small arms survey, WHO IS FIGHTING WHOM IN TRIPOLI? How the 2019 Civil War is Transforming Libya’s Military Landscape, Août 2019
https://www.smallarmssurvey.org/sites/default/files/resources/SAS-SANA-BP-Tripoli-2019.pdf

Jamestown foundation, Remain, Expand, Attract: The Paradigmatic Experience of the Islamic State in Libya, 9 août 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2014223.html

UK Home Office, Country Policy and Information Note, Libya: Actual or perceived supporters of former president Gaddafi, Avril 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2006908/Liby_-Gaddafi-Supporters-CPIN-April-2019.pdf

Small arms survey, Capital of Militias:Tripoli’s Armed Groups Capture the Libyan State, 2018
http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/T-Briefing-Papers/SAS-SANA-BP-Tripoli-armed-groups.pdf

Jamestown foundation, The Islamic State in Libya Operational Revival, Geographic Dispersal, and Changing Paradigms; Terrorism Monitor, 3 décembre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2001888.html

US Departement of State (USDOS), Country Report on terrorism al-Qa’ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), 19 septembre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1445095.html

US Departement of State (USDOS), Country Report on terrorism ISIL-Libya, 19 septembre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1445050.html

US Departement of State (USDOS), Country Report on terrorism Ansar al Shari’a in Tunisia (AAS-T), 19 septembre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1445030.html

US Departement of State (USDOS), Country Report on terrorism Ansar al Shari’a in Darnah (AAS-D), 19 septembre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1445023.html

US Departement of State (USDOS), Country Report on terrorism Libya, 19 septembre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1444878.html

US Departement of State (USDOS), Country Report on terrorism Ansar al Shari’a in Benghazi (AAS-B), 19 septembre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1445024.html

Small arms survey, Capital of Militias: Tripoli's Armed Groups Capture the Libyan State, Juin 2018
https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep20046#metadata_info_tab_contents

IRIN, In Libya, a city once run by Islamic state struggles to start again, 21 août 2018
http://www.irinnews.org/news-feature/2018/08/21/libya-Sirte-islamic-state-struggles-rebuild

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2016 - Libya, 19 juillet 2017
http://www.refworld.org/country,,USDOS,,LBY,,5981e42e13,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2016 - Terrorist Safe Havens: Libya, 19 juillet 2017
http://www.refworld.org/country,,USDOS,,LBY,,5981e3fd13,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2016 - Foreign Terrorist Organizations: Ansar al-Shari'a in Benghazi (AAS-B), 19 juillet 2017
http://www.refworld.org/country,,USDOS,,LBY,,5981e3eaa,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2016 - Foreign Terrorist Organizations: Ansar al-Shari'a in Darnah (AAS-D), 19 juillet 2017
http://www.refworld.org/country,,USDOS,,LBY,,5981e3e9a,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2016 - Foreign Terrorist Organizations: Ansar al-Shari'a in Tunisia (AAS-T), 19 juillet 2017
http://www.refworld.org/country,,USDOS,,LBY,,5981e3e8c,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2016 - Foreign Terrorist Organizations: ISIL-Libya, 19 juillet 2017
http://www.refworld.org/country,,USDOS,,LBY,,5981e3d94,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2016 - Foreign Terrorist Organizations: Al-Qa'ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), 19 juillet 2017
http://www.refworld.org/country,,USDOS,,LBY,,5981e3ee4,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2016 - Foreign Terrorist Organizations: Al-Qa'ida (AQ), 19 juillet 2017
http://www.refworld.org/country,,USDOS,,LBY,,5981e3f013,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2016 - Foreign Terrorist Organizations: Al-Mulathamun Battalion (AMB), 19 juillet 2017
http://www.refworld.org/country,,USDOS,,LBY,,5981e3f213,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2015 - Foreign Terrorist Organizations: Ansar al-Shari'a in Benghazi, 2 juin 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57518d6613,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2015 - Foreign Terrorist Organizations: Ansar al-Shari'a in Darnah, 2 juin 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57518d658,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Country Reports on Terrorism 2015 - Foreign Terrorist Organizations: al-Qa'ida in the Islamic Maghreb, 2 juin 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57518d6b0,0.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), We Feel We Are Cursed': Life under ISIS in Sirte, Libya, 18 mai 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,573d80a84,0.html

Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides (OFPRA-DIDR), Libye : Informations sur différentes milices présentes à Benghazi, 25 janvier 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57bd77264,0.html

Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides (OFPRA), Libye : La Société mondiale pour l'Appel islamique et l'Organisation de l'Appel islamique, 2 décembre 2015
http://www.refworld.org/country,,FRA_OFPRA,,LBY,,57bd77504,0.html

Commissariat Général pour les Réfugiés et les Apatrides (CGRA), Libya: Militias, Tribes and Islamists, 19 décembre 2014
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/90_1419244224_2014-12-19-nl-libya-report-militias-tribes-islamists-sweden-19122014.pdf

Centre Français de Recherche sur le Renseignement (CF2R), Note d’actualité n°313 Afrique du Nord: Réorganisation d’AQMI, 1^er juin 2013
https://www.cf2r.org/actualite/afrique-du-nord-reorganisation-d-aqmi/

Amnesty International (AI), Libye: les milices luttent pour garder leur part de pouvoir, 7 mai 2013
http://www.amnesty.fr/AI-en-action/Violences/Mauvais-traitements/Actualites/Libye-les-milices-luttent-pour-garder-leur-part-de-pouvoir-8540

Jeune Afrique, Terrorisme: la poudrière libyenne, 11 mars 2013
http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Article/JA2721p044-047.xml0/

Nations Unies (ONU), IRIN, Analyse: Vers la sécurité et la bonne gouvernance en Libye, 5 mars 2013
http://www.irinnews.org/fr/report/97598/analyse-vers-la-s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9-et-la-bonne-gouvernance-en-libye

Le Monde diplomatique, Patrick Haimzadeh, «La Libye aux mains des milices», octobre 2012
https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2012/10/HAIMZADEH/48258

Centre Français de Recherche sur le Renseignement (CF2R), Note d’actualité n°287 Ansar Al-Sharia, faux nez pour Al-Qaïda?, 6 octobre 2012
https://www.cf2r.org/actualite/ansar-al-sharia-faux-nez-pour-al-qaida/

Amnesty International (AI), Libya: Rule of law or rule of militias?, 5 juillet 2012
http://reliefweb.int/report/libya/rule-law-or-rule-militias

Centre Français de Recherche sur le Renseignement (CF2R), Note d’actualité n°255 Le Groupe Islamique de Combat Libyen, 29 août 2011
https://www.cf2r.org/actualite/le-groupe-islamique-de-combat-libyen/

Conflits armés

Human rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Apparent war crimes in Tripoli, Juin 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2031579.html

Amnesty International (AI), Libya: retaliatory attacks against civilians must be halted and investigated, 5 juin 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2030992.html

Human rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Landmines left after armed group withdraws, 3 juin 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2030785.html

International Crisis Group (ICG), Avoiding Protacted conflict in Libya, 22 juillet 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2013467.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: deadly attack highlights disregard for civilians, 4 juillet 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2012228.html

Nations Unies (ONU), OCHA, Libya: Tripoli Clashes, Situation report n°25, 24 mai 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2010082/sitrep_libya_en_24_may.pdf

Amnesty International (AI), Libya: Evidence of possible war crimes underscores need for international investigation, 16 mai 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2008813.html

Nations Unies (ONU), HCR, Global protection sector, update on the security in Tripoli, 24 septembre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1447250/1930_1539945209_libya-protection-sector-update-on-the-protection-situation-in-tripoli-24-september-2018.pdf

ACCORD/Armed conflict location & event data project (ACLED), Targeting Tripoli: newly active militias targeting capital in 2018, 6 septembre 2018
https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/acleddata.com-Targeting%20Tripoli%20Newly%20Active%20Militias%20Targeting%20Capital%20in%202018.pdf

ACCORD/ACLED, Libya second quarter 2018 (Update on incidents according to the armed conflict location & event data project (ACLED), 5 septembre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1442600/1930_1536217762_2018q2libya-en.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), HCR, Global protection sector, update on the security in Tripoli, 5 septembre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1442658/1930_1536234711_protection-sector-update-on-the-protection-situation-in-tripoli-5-september-2018.pdf

Jamestown Foundation, 'We Don't Need Derna Anymore': What the Battle for Derna Means for Libya's Future, 29 juin 2018
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5b728d65a,0.html

Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation (ACCORD), Libya, year 2017, Update incidents according to Armed conflict location & event data project, 18 juin 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1435865/1930_1529567413_2017ylibya-en.pdf

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: battle for city Endangeres civilians, 14 mai 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1432380.html

Jamestown Foundation, Article on security-related developments in Southern Libya (fighting between rival armed groups and other armed actors near Kufra and Sabha oases), 6 avril 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1428954.html

REACH Initiative, Libya Brief report on the security situation and humanitarian developments in Sebah as of 27 March 2018 https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/reach_lby_situationoverview_ra_sebha_mar2018_1.pdf Human rights Watch (HRW), Libya: No free elections in current climate, 27 mars 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1427321.html

Human rights Watch (HRW), Libya: No free elections in current climate, 21 mars 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1427321.html

Home Office, UK Border Agency (UKBA), Country Policy and Information Note - Libya: Security and humanitarian situation, janvier 2018
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5a6f323c4.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: New Wave of Attacks Against Sufi Sites, 7 décembre 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5a2907e44.html

International Crisis Group (ICG), How the Islamic State Rose, Fell and Could Rise Again in the Maghreb, 24 juillet 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5975eef84.html

Jamestown Foundation, Libya's Military Wild Card: The Benghazi Defense Brigades and the Massacre at Brak al-Shatti, 2 juin 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/593e8e924.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Mass Executions Alleged at Military Base, 21 mai 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/592292a84.html

UN News Service, Libya: UN chief urges all sides to restore calm in aftermath of deadly attack on southern airbase, 20 mai 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5922b54b4.html

Amnesty International (AI), Evidence points to war crimes by Libyan National Army forces, 23 mars 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58d4eb8c4.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: War Crimes as Benghazi Residents Flee, 22 mars 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58d3db4b4.html

UN News Service, Put Libya ahead of 'narrow interests,' UN envoy urges as situation worsens across the country, 20 mars 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58d1292c4.html

Nations Unies (ONU), IRIN, Libyan oil wars and the battle for Tripoli, 15 mars 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58cbe0e44.html

Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation (ACCORD), Libya, year 2016: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED), 9 février 2017
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/5250_1486725678_2016ylibya-en.pdf

Austrian center for country of origin and Asylum research and documentation (ACCORD), Libya: Update on conflict-related incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (covering 3rd quarter 2016), 8 novembre 2016
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/5250_1479724867_2016q3libya-en.pdf

UN News Service, Libya: As situation worsens, UN envoy calls for pause in fighting near Benghazi, 6 octobre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/57f7b929729.html

Commission de l’immigration et du Statut de réfugié du Canada (CISR), Libye : information sur le traitement réservé aux membres de la tribu des Zintanis dans la ville de Tobrouk; la présence de partisans de Kadhafi à Tobrouk; la présence et la force opérationnelle du groupe État islamique à Tobrouk; la capacité des Libyens fuyant le conflit dans d'autres régions du pays de s'installer à Tobrouk et d'y vivre en sécurité; information indiquant si l'aéroport de Tobrouk est opérationnel (2014-août 2016), 3 octobre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/585a81714.html

Amnesty International (AI), Libya: Civilians trapped in Benghazi in desperate conditions as fighting encroaches, 30 septembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/57ee59724.html

Jamestown Foundation, Libya: More Politicking with the Country's Oil Ports, 16 septembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/57dffd5a4.html

Nations Unies (ONU), IRIN, Life on the edge of Libya's battle against Islamic State, 9 août 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57a9a6b34,0.html

UN News Service, Libya: UN mission documents 49 civilian casualties in June, 1^er juillet 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,577a15c240b,0.html

UN News Service, Security Council extends mandate of UN mission in Libya for six months, 13 juin 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,575faa8a40b,0.html

Jamestown Foundation, Libya: Closing In On Islamic State's Stronghold, 13 juin 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,576263a14,0.html

Nations Unies (ONU), IRIN, "Where is NATO now?", 30 mai 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,574d40be4,0.html

Jamestown Foundation, Libya: Islamic State forced out of Derna, 29 avril 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57270d470,0.html

Jamestown Foundation, Libya's Political Turmoil Allows Islamic State to Thrive, 1^er avril 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5703816d4,0.html

UN News Service, Libya: UN urges humanitarian ceasefires, safe exit of civilians trapped in Benghazi, 11 mars 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,56e66d2940c,0.html

Nations Unies (ONU), IRIN, What a difference 5 years makes, 18 février 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,56cd77904,0.html

Jamestown Foundation, The Mobile Threat: Multiple Battlefields Ensure Instability in the Sahel/Sahara Region, 14 juin 2013
http://www.refworld.org/docid/51bef4c64.html

Reuters, Libya flexes muscle to seal off problematic south, 18 décembre 2012
http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/12/18/us-libya-borders-idUSBRE8BH0PY20121218

The Carnegie Endowment, Borderline chaos? Stabilizing Libya’s Periphery, octobre 2012
http://carnegieendowment.org/files/stablizing_libya_periphery.pdf

The Carnegie Endowment, The struggle for security in Eastern Libya, septembre 2012
http://carnegieendowment.org/files/libya_security_2.pdf

Jamestown Foundation, Special Report from Inside Libya: Assessing Libyan Rebel Forces, 4 août 2011
http://www.refworld.org/docid/4e3b9f272.html

Retour Sommaire

SERVICE MILITAIRE

BBC, Tripoli witness: Tribalism and threat of conscription, 13 mai 2011
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13380525

Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation (ACCORD), Can a person be conscripted into the armed forces aftergraduating from university?, 7 avril 2006
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/response_en_67573.html

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DÉTENTION ET TORTURE

World organization against torture, “That was the last time I saw my brother"; Extrajudicial and unlawful killings in Libya”, septembre 2022
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2079038.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Mass Executions Alleged at Military Base, 21 mai 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/592292a84.html

Nations Unies (ONU), HCR, Libya, Detention Centres: Detention Centres in which UNHCR and Partners are carrying out activities, janvier 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58874a004.html

Nations Unies (ONU), IRIN, Torture, starvation, deprivation: life inside IS prisons in Libya, 24 octobre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/582984564.html

Fédération Euro-méditerranéenne Contre les Disparitions Forcées (FEMED), es disparus et leurs familles: les oubliés de la révolution libyenne, 25 avril 2016
http://www.disparitions-euromed.org/fr/content/les-disparus-et-leurs-familles-les-oubli%C3%A9s-de-la-r%C3%A9volution-libyenne

Nations Unies (ONU), Haut-Commissariat aux Droits de l’Homme (HCDH), Torture and Deaths in Detention in Libya, octobre 2013
http://www.refworld.org/docid/524bfb874.html

Organisation Mondiale Contre la Torture (OMCT), Libya: The New Law Criminalising Torture: A first step, but more is needed, 25 avril 2013
http://www.omct.org/statements/libya/2013/04/d22237/

Organisation Mondiale Contre la Torture (OMCT), Libya: Libyan public institutions and NGOs draft ‘10 Steps to End Torture’, 25 avril 2013
http://www.omct.org/events/libya/2013/04/d22233/

Médecins sans frontières (MSF), Libya : Detainees tortured and denied medical care. MSF suspends work in detention centres in Misrata, 26 janvier 2012
http://www.msf.org/article/libya-detainees-tortured-and-denied-medical-care

Amnesty International (AI), Libye. Des atteintes aux droits des détenus avilissent la Libye nouvelle, 13 octobre 2011
https://www.amnesty.org/fr/documents/MDE19/036/2011/fr/

Amnesty International (AI), Libya: the battle for Libya: killings, disappearances and torture, 13 septembre 2011
https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/MDE19/025/2011/en/

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil des droits de l’homme, Report of the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, 26 janvier 2011
http://www.refworld.org/docid/4d833faf2.html

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GROUPES VULNÉRABLES

Human Rights Watch, « Decree on Libyan Women’s Non-Citizen Children Fails Discrimination Test », 28 octobre 2022
https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/10/28/decree-libyan-womens-non-citizen-children-fails-discrimination-test

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: battle for city Endangeres civilians, 14 mai 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1432380.html

Nations Unies (ONU), UNSMIL - UN Support Mission in Libya, Monthly report on civilian casualties of armed conflict (April 2018), 1^er mai 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1431211.html

Home Office, UK Border Agency (UKBA), Country Policy and Information Note - Libya: Actual or perceived supporters of former President Gaddafi, 15 mars 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58caa3f94.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Provide Medical Care, Safety for Civilians Fleeing Sirte, 24 décembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58625b3a4.html

UN News Service, Concerned for civilian safety in Libya's Ganfouda, UN envoy calls for safe passage to allow evacuations, 10 décembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/584e6d5740c.html

Amnesty International (AI), Libya: Civilians trapped in Benghazi in desperate conditions as fighting encroaches, 30 septembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/57ee59724.html

Civils

Nations Unies (ONU), UNOCHA, Protection of civilian situation in Libya, 24 août 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2014927/libya_protection_sector_update_on_the_protection_of_civilian_situation_in_libya_24_august_2019.pdf

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: deadly attack highlights disregard for civilians, 4 juillet 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2012228.html

Nations Unies (ONU), UNSMIL, Libya Human Rights Report on civilian Casualities, Octobre 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1449078.html

Femmes

Amnesty International (AI), Silenced voices: Libyan women human rights defenders under attack, 17 juillet 2018
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1438592/1226_1531917096_mde1986572018english.pdf

Amnesty International (AI), Libya: Arbitrary military decree highlights precariousness of women's rights in Libya, 3 mars 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58bd3ec24.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Discriminatory Restriction on Women, 23 février 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58affedf4.html

Refugee Documentation Centre Ireland (RDC), Legal Aid Board, Libya, Collection of information on marriage (types of marriage; formalities of marriage; divorce; marriage between non-nationals and nationals), octobre 2015
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1930_1473757407_libya-cmp-october-2015.pdf

Human Rights Watch (HRW), A Revolution for All. Women’s Rights in the New Libya, 27 mai 2013
http://www.hrw.org/reports/2013/05/27/revolution-all

Voice of America, Jamie Dettmer, “Libyan Religious Leader Calls For Gender Segregation”, 29 avril 2013
http://www.voanews.com/content/libya-gender-segregation/1651279.html

Magharebia, Essam Mohamed, “Libyan women rally against violence”, 20 mars 2013
http://magharebia.com/en_GB/articles/awi/features/2013/03/20/feature-02

Nations Unies (ONU), Rapport du Secrétaire général, Sexual violence in conflict, 14 mars 2013
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1366188714_n1325944-unga.pdf

Courrier International, Amena Raghei, «Femmes arabes: comment sortir de l’ombre», n°1147, 25 octobre 2012
http://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2012/10/25/femmes-arabes-comment-sortir-de-l-ombre

Freedom House, Women's Rights in the Middle East and North Africa: Progress Amid Resistance. Libya, 3 mars 2010
http://www.freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/inline_images/Libya.pdf

Home Office, UK Border Agency (UKBA), COI Service, Female genital mutilation (FGM), 20 juin 2008
http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1504_1224004793_africa-fgm-080708.pdf

Enfants

Nation Unies (ONU), Conseil de Sécurité, Assemblée générale, Le sort des enfants en temps de conflit armé. Rapport du Secrétaire général, 15 mai 2013
http://refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain/opendocpdf.pdf?reldoc=y&docid=51b986634

Orientation sexuelle

Pas de document disponible

Esclavage et traite d’êtres humains

Nations Unies (ONU), UNHCR, Position on the designation of Libya as a safe third country ans as a place id safety for the purpose of disembarkation following rescue at sea, Septembre 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2037541/5f1edee24.pdf

US Department of State (USDOS), Annual report on trafficking in persons: Libya 2020, 25 juin 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2036306.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Annual report on trafficking in persons: Libya 2019, 20 juin 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2010744.html

Global Detention Project (GDP), Country Report Immigration Detention in Libya: "A Human Rights Crisis", Août 2018
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5b8802614,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), 2018 Trafficking in Persons Report - Libya, 28 juin 2018
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,5b3e0af04,0.html

Nations Unies (ONU), Conseil de sécurité, Report of the Secretary-General pursuant to Security Council resolution 2312 (2016), 7 septembre 2017
http://www.refworld.org/country,,UNSC,,LBY,,59c8c90a4,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Trafficking in Persons Report 2017 - Country Narratives - Libya, 27 juin 2017
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/342542/473318_en.html

Nation Unies (ONU), Conseil de Sécurité, Report of the Secretary-General pursuant to Security Council resolution 2240 (2015), 7 septembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57d946bc4,0.html

Amnesty International (AI), Refugees and migrants fleeing sexual violence, abuse and exploitation in Libya, 1^er juillet 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,577666184,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), 2016 Trafficking in Persons Report - Libya, 30 juin 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,577f95e26,0.html

UN News Service, UN rights office urges Libyan authorities to investigate death of 12 victims of torture, 14 juin 2016
http://www.refworld.org/country,,,,LBY,,57617f69411,0.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Trafficking in Persons Report 2015, 27 juillet 2015
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/308800/432597_en.html

US Department of State (USDOS), Trafficking in Persons Report 2014, 20 juin 2014
http://www.refworld.org/country,,USDOS,,LBY,,53aab9d714,0.html

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CRIMINALITÉ ET CORRUPTION

Reuters, Libya flexes muscle to seal off problematic south, 18 décembre 2012
http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/12/18/us-libya-borders-idUSBRE8BH0PY20121218

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ÉDUCATION ET SANTÉ

Education

Pas de document disponible

Santé

The New humanitarian, Libyan doctors battle on two dangerous fronts: Covid-19 and war, 10 juin 2020
https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news-feature/2020/06/10/Libya-war-coronavirus-hospital-doctors

Nations Unies (ONU), UNGASS country progress report. Libya, 31 mars 2012
http://www.unaids.org/en/dataanalysis/knowyourresponse/countryprogressreports/2012countries/ce_LY_Narrative_Report%5B1%5D.pdf

Médecins sans frontières (MSF), Libya: Providing urgent medical care in Sirte, 4 octobre 2011
http://www.msf.org/article/libya-providing-urgent-medical-care-sirte

Médecins sans frontières (MSF), Libya: 'Almost all of the hospitals' in Tripoli 'are receiving wounded', 25 août 2011
http://www.msf.org/article/libya-almost-all-hospitals-tripoli-are-receiving-wounded

International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), Health Care in Danger, Making the Case, 10 août 2011
http://www.refworld.org/docid/51f8d3734.html

Médecins sans frontières (MSF), First evaluation of medical facilities in Benghazi, 26 février 2011
http://www.msf.org/article/first-evaluation-medical-facilities-benghazi

Retour Sommaire

RÉFUGIÉS, DÉPLACÉS ET RETOURS

Nations Unies (ONU), UNHCR, Libya response in 2020, 18 septembre 2020
https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2037876/2020_09_18_LBY_UNHCR+Dashboard.pdf

Humanitarian Policy Group (HPG), Protection of displaced Libyans, Août 2019
https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/resource-documents/12833.pdf

Nations Unies (ONU), UNHCR, Libya response in 2019, 28 juin 2019
https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/2019_06_28_LBY_UNHCR%20Dashboard%281%29.pdf

Human rights watch (HRW), Libya: Displaced population can’t go home, 24 janvier 2019
https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/1457223.html

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Ensure Safe Return of Displaced Tawerghans, 20 juin 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5948dff64.html

UN News Service, African migrants reportedly being sold in 'slave markets' in Libya, UN agency warns, 12 avril 2017
http://www.refworld.org/docid/58eddd694.html

UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), "Detained and Dehumanised" - Report on Human Rights Abuses Against Migrants in Libya, 13 décembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/585104cf4.html

UN News Service, Concerned for civilian safety in Libya's Ganfouda, UN envoy calls for safe passage to allow evacuations, 10 décembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/584e6d5740c.html

Overseas Development Institute (ODI), Migrants and refugees in detention centres: the humanitarian consequences of Libya's governance breakdown, septembre 2016
http://www.refworld.org/docid/583c0d874.html

Nations Unies (ONU), HCR, Fact-Sheet, novembre 2013
http://www.unhcr.org/4c907ffe9.html

Amnesty International (AI), Migrants rescued at sea after fleeing Libya must be allowed to disembark in Malta, 6 août 2013
http://www.amnesty.org/en/news/malta-boat-2013-08-06

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libya: Displaced People from Tawergha Barred From Return, 27 juin 2013
http://www.hrw.org/news/2013/06/27/libya-displaced-people-tawergha-barred-return

Amnesty International (AI), Scapegoats of fear. Rights of refugees, asylum-seekers and migrants abused in Libya, 20 juin 2013
https://www.amnesty.org/fr/documents/document/?indexNumber=MDE19%2F007%2F2013&language=en

Lawyers for Justice in Libya (LFJL), Lawyers for Justice in Libya welcomes Tawerghan decision to return home, 30 mai 2013
http://www.libyanjustice.org/news/news/post/84-lawyers-for-justice-in-libya-welcomes-tawerghan-decision-to-return-home

Nations Unies (ONU), IRIN, Syrians seeking refuge in Libya, 23 mai 2013
http://www.ecoi.net/local_link/248695/359029_en.html

Organisation internationale pour les migrations (OIM), Policy in Brief – Two Years after the Crisis: Returnees from Libya Revisited, mars 2013
http://publications.iom.int/bookstore/free/Policy_in_Brief_Libya2013_6Mar2013.pdf

Human Rights Watch (HRW), Libye: il faut mettre un terme aux crimes de vengeance contre des personnes déplacées de force, 20 mars 2013
http://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2013/03/20/libye-il-faut-mettre-un-terme-aux-crimes-de-vengeance-contre-des-personnes-deplacees

Nations Unies (ONU), IRIN, Les migrants tchadiens déplorent les mauvais traitements infligés par les autorités libyennes, 12 mars 2013 
http://www.irinnews.org/fr/report/97628/les-migrants-tchadiens-d%C3%A9plorent-les-mauvais-traitements-inflig%C3%A9s-par-les-autorit%C3%A9s-libyennes

Nations Unies (ONU), IRIN, Libya's displaced Tawergha threaten unilateral return, 19 février 2013
http://www.refworld.org/docid/512751962.html

Organisation pour la Sécurité et la Coopération en Europe (OSCE), OSCE Seminar on Co-operation to Prevent Trafficking in Human Beings in the Mediterranean Region. Trafficking in the Mediterranean: an overview of recent trends, 8 février 2013
http://www.osce.org/cthb/99733

Fédération internationale des ligues des droits de l'homme (FIDH), Libye: en finir avec la traque des migrants, 29 novembre 2012
http://www.fidh.org/Libye-en-finir-avec-la-traque-des-12251

Conseil de l’Europe (CE), Assemblée parlementaire, Vies perdues en Méditerranée: qui est responsable?, 29 mars 2012
http://refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain/opendocpdf.pdf?reldoc=y&docid=4f7be8872

Amnesty International (AI), Libye: les Tawarghas doivent être protégés des représailles et des arrestations arbitraires, 7 septembre 2011
http://www.amnesty.org/fr/news-and-updates/tawarghas-must-be-protected-reprisals-and-arbitrary-arrest-libya-2011-09-07

Fédération internationale des ligues des droits de l'homme (FIDH), Fuite en Egypte des exilés de Libye, 7 juillet 2011
http://www.fidh.org/FUITE-EN-EGYPTE-DES-EXILES-DE,9839

Aljazeera, Anna Branthwaite, «Migrants forced to fight for Gaddafi», 9 avril 2011
http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2011/04/20114818291705627.html

Nations Unies (ONU), HCR, UNHCR warns of increased risk of mass displacement in Libya, 18 mars 2011
http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4d834b502.html

Nations Unies (ONU), HCR, Considérations de protection en égard aux personnes fuyant la Jamahiriya arabe libyenne – Recommandations du HCR, 25 février 2011
http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain/opendocpdf.pdf?reldoc=y&docid=4d74eb112

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